de-:① 表示”去掉,变坏,离开,变慢,向下”等;② 表示”使…成为,加强”等
一、表示 “去掉,变坏起步网校,离开,变慢,向下”destruction /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/
中文释义:破坏,毁灭
英文释义:the action of causing so much damage to something that it is destroyed
构词:de-(去掉)+ struct(结构)+ -ion(名词后缀)→ 破坏结构
例句:The hurricane caused widespread destruction along the coast.(飓风给沿海地区造成了大面积破坏。)desalt /diːˈsɔːlt/
中文释义:除去盐分
英文释义:to remove salt from something
构词:de-(去掉)+ salt(盐)→ 去掉盐分
例句:This process is used to desalt seawater for drinking.(该工艺用于淡化海水以供饮用。)deforest /diːˈfɒrɪst/
中文释义:砍伐森林,破坏森林
英文释义:to remove all the trees from an area of land
构词:de-(去掉)+ forest(森林)→ 去掉森林
例句:Deforestation has led to severe environmental problems.(砍伐森林已导致严重的环境问题。)devalue /ˌdiːˈvæljuː/
中文释义:降低价值贝语网校,贬值
英文释义:to reduce the value or importance of something
构词:de-(降低)+ value(价值)→ 降低价值
例句:Inflation can cause a currency to devalue.(通货膨胀会导致货币贬值。)depress /dɪˈpres/
中文释义:压制一流范文网,压抑;使沮丧
英文释义:to make someone feel very unhappy; to reduce the level or strength of something
构词:de-(向下)+ press(压)→ 向下压
例句:The economic crisis depressed industrial output.(经济危机抑制了工业产出。)detrain /diːˈtreɪn/
中文释义:下火车
英文释义:to get off a train
构词:de-(离开)+ train(火车)→ 离开火车
例句:Passengers detrained at the central station.(乘客在中央车站下了火车。)decelerate /ˌdiːˈseləreɪt/
中文释义:减速
英文释义:to reduce speed
构词:de-(变慢)+ celer(速度)+ -ate(动词后缀)→ 使速度变慢
例句:The car began to decelerate as it approached the crossroads.(汽车接近十字路口时开始减速。)decode /ˌdiːˈkoʊd/
中文释义:破译,解码
英文释义:to convert a code into normal language
构词:de-(去掉)+ code(密码)→ 去掉密码
例句:Scientists managed to decode the ancient manuscript.(科学家成功破译了这份古代手稿。)defame /dɪˈfeɪm/
中文释义:诽谤,中伤
英文释义:to say or write bad things about someone publicly
构词:de-(变坏)+ fame(名声)→ 使名声变坏
例句:He was sued for defaming a public figure.(他因诽谤一位公众人物而被起诉。)decline /dɪˈklaɪn/
中文释义:下降,衰退
英文释义:to become smaller, fewer, or less; to refuse politely
构词:de-(向下)+ cline(倾斜)→ 向下倾斜
例句:The company’s profits have declined in recent years.(公司利润近年来有所下降。)二、表示 “使… 成为,加强”delimit /diːˈlɪmɪt/
中文释义:划定界限,限定
英文释义:to set the limits of something
构词:de-(加强)+ limit(限定)→ 加强限定
例句:The treaty delimits the border between the two countries.(条约划定了两国的边界。)depict /dɪˈpɪkt/
中文释义:描绘,描述
英文释义:to represent something in a picture or story
构词:de-(使… 成为)+ pict(图画)→ 使成为图画
例句:The painting depicts a peaceful countryside scene.(这幅画描绘了宁静的乡村景象。)design /dɪˈzaɪn/
中文释义:设计,计划
英文释义:to make a plan or drawing for something
构词:de-(加强)+ sign(标志)→ 做标志(引申为设计)
例句:She designed a new logo for the company.(她为公司设计了一个新标志。)definition /ˌdefɪˈnɪʃn/
中文释义:定义物业经理人,清晰
英文释义:a statement that explains the meaning of a word or concept
构词:de-(加强)+ fin(界限)+ -ition(名词后缀)→ 划出界限(加强限定)
例句:The dictionary provides clear definitions of difficult terms.(词典对难词给出了清晰的定义。)decorate /ˈdekəreɪt/
中文释义:装饰,布置
英文释义:to make something more attractive by adding things to it
构词:de-(使… 成为)+ cor(美丽)+ -ate(动词后缀)→ 使变得美丽
例句:They decorated the room with flowers and balloons.(他们用鲜花和气球装饰房间。)demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/
中文释义:证明,演示
英文释义:to show clearly by giving proof or evidence
构词:de-(加强)+ monstr(显示)+ -ate(动词后缀)→ 加强显示
例句:The experiment demonstrates the law of gravity.(实验证明了万有引力定律。)特别说明de- 的发音规律:在元音或浊辅音前通常发 /dɪ-/(如 destruction /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/);在清辅音前可能发 /diː-/(如 desalt /diːˈsɔːlt/),表示 “完全去掉” 时更常见。易混淆前缀:注意区分 de-(去掉 / 加强)与 dis-(否定 / 分离),如 disappear(消失)≠ deforest(砍伐森林)。多义性:同一单词可能因语境不同体现不同含义,如 depress 既指 “压制”(物理动作)钓鱼网,也指 “使沮丧”(情绪影响)。 |